Showing titles in Philosophers

Few philosophers have so extensively influenced thought and language as Aristotle. His conception of the universe pervades Christian theology. Knowledge of his thought is necessary to understand Bacon, Galileo and the modern scientific view of nature, as well as Dante and many passages from Chaucer, Shakespeare, and Milton. Many phrases such as "liberal education" and "theory" contrasted with "practice" originated with this student of Plato and tutor of Alexander the Great. Writing to inform the beginner and stimulate the expert, eminent scholar A.E. Taylor presents a searching analysis of Aristotle's thought, including classification of the sciences; formal logic; theory of knowledge; matter and form; the four causes; God; physics; biology; sensation; ethics; theory of the state; the fine arts. He also considers Aristotle's provincialism, errors regarding the nervous system and astronomy, and defense of slavery.

In this deeply researched book, Patrick Olivelle draws on Ashoka's inscriptions and on the art and architecture he pioneered to craft a detailed picture of Ashoka as a ruler, a Buddhist, a moral philosopher, and an ecumenist who governed a vast multiethnic, multi-linguistic, and multi-religious empire.

Penseur brillant, Marx est aussi un homme d'action qui consacre sa vie à la lutte. Pour lui, le niveau de civilisation d'une société se mesure au sort qu'elle réserve aux plus démunis. D'où son engagement aux côtés du prolétariat, pour lequel il construit une théorie complète, dans le but de le rendre idéologiquement autonome. C'est en effet ainsi que peut se fonder efficacement son émancipation, qui par ailleurs délivre toute la société du règne de l'argent.

This is a delightfully insightful overview of the life and work of Herbert Spencer, the famous evolutionist of the 19th century. Although Spencer's thought is not without controversy, he was nevertheless responsible for a number of important contributions, not the least of which is his coining of the term "survival of the fittest", which Charles Darwin (on the advice of Alfred Russel Wallace) used as a placeholder for his more generalistic term, "natural selection".

As a young man, Albert Schweitzer seemed destined for greatness. His immense talent and fortitude propelled him to a place as one of Europe's most renowned philosophers, theologians, and musicians in the early 20th century. Yet Schweitzer shocked his contemporaries by forsaking worldly success and embarking on an epic journey into the wilds of French Equatorial Africa, vowing to serve as a lifelong physician to "the least of these" in a mysterious land rife with famine, sickness, and superstition.

The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche's autobiography, Ecce Homo, was the last prose work that he wrote before his illness in 1889. Coming at the end of an extraordinarily productive year in which he had produced The Twilight of the Idols and The Antichrist, Nietzsche shuns any pretense at modesty with chapter titles include “Why I am so Wise”, “Why I am so Clever” and “Why I Write Such Excellent Books”. His translator Anthony M. Ludovici states, Ecce Homo “is not only a coping-stone worthy of the wonderful creations of that year, but also a fitting conclusion to his whole life.

Mаhаtmа Gаndhi, byname of Mоhаndаѕ Karamchand Gаndhi (born on Oсtоbеr 2, 1869 in Pоrbаndаr, Indiа, and diеd on January 30, 1948 in Delhi) was an Indian lawyer, роlitiсiаn, ѕосiаl асtiviѕt, аnd writеr whо bесаmе thе lеаdеr of the nаtiоnаliѕt movement against thе Britiѕh rulе оf Indiа. Aѕ ѕuсh, he came tо be соnѕidеrеd the father оf hiѕ соuntrу. Gаndhi iѕ internationally esteemed fоr hiѕ doctrine of nоnviоlеnt protest (ѕаtуаgrаhа) tо асhiеvе роlitiсаl аnd social рrоgrеѕѕ.

و يختم موسى كتابه بفصل أسماه "في تبرير الحرية الفكرية" ،ويقول فيه : "إنّ التفكير لا يكون

حراً طليقاً حتى نستطيع الإفضاء به إلى غيرنا، لأنّ الفكرة طاقة أى قوة من قوى الذهن، لا تزال منحبسة شأنها شأن جميع القوى المنحبسة، تعذّب الذهن حتى تنصرف بالعمل، أيّ التصريح بالفكرة ".

Dr. Orison Swett Marden triumphed over his tragic childhood to become a man who was revered by millions and who became known worldwide as "The Father of the American Success Movement".

Despite new revelations about Heidegger's anti-Semitism, writes Madsbjerg, the philosopher's work still stands on its own. Fried replies.

Voltaire, philosopher, author, genius: Life and work in a short biography! Everything you need to know, brief and concise. Infotainment, education and entertainment at its best!

"Self-Reliance" is an 1841 essay written by American transcendentalist philosopher and essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson. It contains the most thorough statement of one of Emerson's recurrent themes: the need for each individual to avoid conformity and false consistency, and follow his own instincts and ideas. It is the source of one of Emerson's most famous quotations: "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines.

In the world of philosophy and spirituality, few figures stand as distinctively as Alan Watts. With a charismatic and eloquent demeanor, he effortlessly blended insights from Zen Buddhism, Taoism, Hinduism, and other spiritual traditions with Western thought, challenging conventional perspectives and encouraging a deeper understanding of oneself and the universe.

Moses Ben Maimon, frequently called Maimonides, was a medieval philosopher who revolutionized thinking about ethics, reason, and the Jewish Torah through his emphasis on reason and evidence. His works were broadly accepted by the Sephardi Jewish community and spread across the medieval world. St. Thomas Aquinas is known as one of the most important medieval philosophers and in many respects a harbinger of the Renaissance that began to flourish across Europe in the centuries that followed his life.

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Fue un político, estadista e ideólogo chino. Primer presidente de la República de China y fundador del Kuomintang, es considerado tanto en la República Popular China como en la actual República de China (Taiwán) como el padre de la China moderna.

Met de verkiezing van Donald Trump tot president van de V.S. staat het verschil tussen feit en fictie onder druk en daarmee ook de democratie zelf. Kunnen we voor onze tijd iets leren van belangrijke filosofische critici van het nazisme en totalitarisme? Zowel Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) als Karl Popper (1902-1994) waren van Joodse afkomst en vluchtten voor Hitler. Beiden probeerden de ideologische wortels van het nazitijdperk te doorgronden. Ook formuleerden ze normen waaraan een open en democratische samenleving moet voldoen.

What does it take to see the truth? For us to save ourselves, even if it sets fire to everything we’ve ever known. To become brave enough, sick enough, and tired enough to let go. To stop fighting the battles that were never even ours to fight. To hand back responsibility for the lives we’ve been saving at the expense of our own. To let go and begin to heal. To love what we never thought possible, and become the person our childhood selves knew us to be all along.

La historia de cómo cuatro genios revolucionaron la filosofía y cambiaron nuestra forma de entender el mundo.

This is a succinct biography of Schopenhauer and provides a glimpse of his philosophical thinking.