#112 — Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a powerful technique distinct from the more familiar SDS-PAGE, [1,2] tailored for separating proteins or peptides based on their isoelectric points (pI). [3]

This method capitalizes on the migration of charged molecules through a stable pH gradient until they reach a zone where their net charge is zero, halting their movement.

Essential to setting up an IEF experiment are the IPG strips, equipped with a pH-responsive gel, and the sample, often mixed with carrier ampholytes for efficient migration.

IEF's utility spans various applications, from enhancing 2D-PAGE protein separations to analyzing post-translational modifications and preparing samples for mass spectrometry. [4]

Discover more about how this technique can advance your research and streamline your experimental workflows.

Resources:
1. How SDS-PAGE Works. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/580/how-sds-page-works/
2. Isoelectric Focusing: A Simple Way to Enhance Your Protein Separation. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/26811/isoelectric-focusing-separation-proteins-peptides/
3. The Definitive Guide to pH, pKa, and pI. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/9425/what-is-ph-pka-pi/
4. Detecting Post-Translational Modifications. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/49322/detecting-post-translational-modifications/

#111 — In this episode, we dive deep into the fascinating world of microbes and their revolutionary applications in biotechnology. From environmental solutions to breakthroughs in health and medicine, microbes hold the key to some of the most advanced scientific developments.

Discover how these microscopic organisms are transforming industries and pushing the boundaries of what's possible in science and technology. We’ll explore the latest research and applications that are shaping the future.

For an in-depth look at this topic, make sure to read the corresponding article on our website. [1] Dive into an application you almost certainly know about, yeast two-hybrid assays, [2] and check this article out to learn how to increase protein expression in plants. [3]

Resources:
1. Top 10 Uses of Microbes in Biotechnology. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/48446/microbes-biotechnology/
2. Split Ubiquitin Yeast Two-Hybrid. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/25286/split-ubiquitin-yeast-two-hybrid/
3. P19 to the Rescue: How to Increase Protein Expression in Agroinfiltration. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/29964/p19-increase-expression-agroinfiltration/

#110 — Comparing two sets of data is a fundamental process in statistical analysis, crucial for drawing meaningful conclusions across various fields. Whether it's for determining the success of an intervention, understanding market trends, or validating scientific research, the need for comparison arises.

This episode delves into the essence of data comparison, focusing on two prevalent statistical tests: the Student’s t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test. [1] Each test comes with its assumptions and applicability, making the choice between them critical depending on the nature of your data.

Read our related article to learn more about comparing multiple datasets. [2]

Resources:
1. Let’s Talk About Stats: Methods for Comparing Two Sets of Data. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/19298/comparing-two-sets-of-data/
2. Let’s Talk About Stats: Getting the Most out of your Multiple Datasets with Post-hoc Testing. Available at: https://bitesizebio.com/19318/lets-talk-about-stats-getting-the-most-out-of-your-multiple-datasets-with-post-hoc-testing/